CIES: Manchester United’s signings have the lowest cost-effectiveness in the world in the past five years, and Real Madrid’s signings have the best cost-effectiveness

Recently, the International Sports Research Center CIES released a set of statistics measuring the cost-effectiveness of the transfer market. The results show that so far in 2021, Manchester United is the worst club in terms of statistics. CIES’ res...


Recently, the International Sports Research Center "CIES" released a set of statistics measuring the "cost-effectiveness" of the transfer market. The results show that so far in 2021, Manchester United is the worst club in terms of statistics.

CIES’ research is based on each club’s professional player recruitment financial statements (excluding promotions from their own youth training). Data shows that Manchester United has seriously overspended in the past five years, with a total value ratio of -359 million pounds. The more prominent failed signings include Sancho (£73 million), Anthony (£86 million) and Onana (£47.2 million), whose total expenditure cost is far higher than that of other clubs.

Riyadh Crescent ranked second on the list with a value of -249 million pounds. Neymar is the most representative. His transfer fee is 77.6 million pounds + additional terms, the contract period is two years, and the annual salary is as high as 129.2 million pounds. However, Neymar suffered frequent injuries and the contract was terminated after only 16 months. Two other Saudi clubs, Jeddah National and Riyadh Victory, are also on the list.

In terms of positive ratio, Real Madrid tops the list with 511 million pounds. Bellingham (88.5 million pounds) is their masterpiece. The free transfers of Rudiger and Mbappe are also quite effective. Frankfurt ranks second with a positive ratio of 336 million pounds, followed by Villa (234 million pounds) and Brighton (223 million pounds).

Paris ranks fifth with a positive ratio of 220 million pounds. Douai (43 million pounds), Dembele (43.5 million pounds) and Nuno Mendes (34 million pounds) are all very cost-effective signings.

Top 5 clubs with the best value for money signings from 2021 to now (unit: GBP):

1. Real Madrid: 511 million

2. Frankfurt: 336 million

3. Villa: 234 million

4. Brighton: 223 million

5. Paris: 220 million

Top 5 clubs with the worst value for money signings so far in 2021 (unit: GBP):

1. Manchester United: -359 million

2. Riyadh Crescent: -249 million

3. West Ham: -179 million

4. Jeddah National: -169 million

5. Riyadh Victory: -161 million

Prior League club signing transaction cost-effectiveness ranking so far in 2021 (in pounds):

1. Villa: 233.85 million

2. Brighton: 222.46 million

3. Liverpool: 184.80 million

4. Manchester City: 172.54 million

5. Nottingham Forest: 112.10 million

6. Brentford: 106.85 million

7. Crystal Palace: 93.71 million

8. Bournemouth: 70.07 million

9. Chelsea: 51.67 million

10. Sunderland: 34.16 million

11. Tottenham: 13.14 million

12. Fulham: -7.88 million

13. Arsenal: -27.15 million

14. Everton: -31.53 million

15. Burnley: -49.92 million

16. Wolves: -55.18 million

17. Leeds: -57.8 million

18. Newcastle: -63.06 million

19. West Ham: -178.67 million

20. Manchester United: -357.34 million



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